Highlights
- •The Blue Brain Project digitally reconstructs and simulates a part of neocortex
- •Interdependencies allow dense in silico reconstruction from sparse experimental data
- •Simulations reproduce in vitro and in vivo experiments without parameter tuning
- •The neocortex reconfigures to support diverse information processing strategies
Summary
We
present a first-draft digital reconstruction of the microcircuitry of
somatosensory cortex of juvenile rat. The reconstruction uses cellular
and synaptic organizing principles to algorithmically reconstruct
detailed anatomy and physiology from sparse experimental data. An
objective anatomical method defines a neocortical volume of 0.29 ±
0.01 mm3 containing ∼31,000 neurons, and patch-clamp studies
identify 55 layer-specific morphological and 207 morpho-electrical
neuron subtypes. When digitally reconstructed neurons are positioned in
the volume and synapse formation is restricted to biological bouton
densities and numbers of synapses per connection, their overlapping
arbors form ∼8 million connections with ∼37 million synapses.
Simulations reproduce an array of in vitro and in vivo experiments
without parameter tuning. Additionally, we find a spectrum of network
states with a sharp transition from synchronous to asynchronous
activity, modulated by physiological mechanisms. The spectrum of network
states, dynamically reconfigured around this transition, supports
diverse information processing strategies.
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